Sources

Image credits

Sources and further reading

Most concept images are plates from two public-domain books, Mary Merrifield's Handbook of Light and Shade (1880) and Anson Cross's Light and Shade (1897), from Internet Archive scans; some combine two figures side by side. Some concept pages show a detail of the example work that follows. The artworks are public domain; each entry links to its source.

Mary P. Merrifield, Handbook of Light and Shade, with Especial Reference to Model Drawing, 12th ed. (London: George Rowney & Co., about 1880), Plate 1
File: Internet Archive scan
Public domain (published before 1931) · Author/source field: Mary P. Merrifield
Anson K. Cross, Light and Shade, with Chapters on Charcoal, Pencil, and Brush Drawing (Boston: Ginn, 1897), Fig. 21, from a study by Leonardo da Vinci
File: Internet Archive scan
Public domain (published before 1931) · Author/source field: Anson K. Cross
Caravaggio, The Calling of Saint Matthew (1599–1600), detail
File: Contarelli Chapel, San Luigi dei Francesi, Rome
Public domain · Author/source field: Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggio
Caravaggio, The Calling of Saint Matthew (1599–1600)
File: Contarelli Chapel, San Luigi dei Francesi, Rome
Public domain · Author/source field: Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggio
Mary P. Merrifield, Handbook of Light and Shade, with Especial Reference to Model Drawing, 12th ed. (London: George Rowney & Co., about 1880), Plate 2, Fig. 2 (detail)
File: Internet Archive scan
Public domain (published before 1931) · Author/source field: Mary P. Merrifield
Anson K. Cross, Light and Shade, with Chapters on Charcoal, Pencil, and Brush Drawing (Boston: Ginn, 1897), Fig. 7
File: Internet Archive scan
Public domain (published before 1931) · Author/source field: Anson K. Cross
Berthe Morisot, Summer's Day (about 1879), and Rembrandt, Philosopher in Meditation (1632), side by side
File: Combined from the two images credited separately below
Public domain · Author/source field: Berthe Morisot; Rembrandt
Berthe Morisot, Summer's Day (about 1879)
File: The National Gallery, London, NG3264
Public domain · Author/source field: Berthe Morisot
Mary P. Merrifield, Handbook of Light and Shade, with Especial Reference to Model Drawing, 12th ed. (London: George Rowney & Co., about 1880), Plate 9
File: Internet Archive scan
Public domain (published before 1931) · Author/source field: Mary P. Merrifield
Anson K. Cross, Light and Shade, with Chapters on Charcoal, Pencil, and Brush Drawing (Boston: Ginn, 1897), Fig. 16
File: Internet Archive scan
Public domain (published before 1931) · Author/source field: Anson K. Cross
Mary P. Merrifield, Handbook of Light and Shade, with Especial Reference to Model Drawing, 12th ed. (London: George Rowney & Co., about 1880), Plate 7
File: Internet Archive scan
Public domain (published before 1931) · Author/source field: Mary P. Merrifield
Mary P. Merrifield, Handbook of Light and Shade, with Especial Reference to Model Drawing, 12th ed. (London: George Rowney & Co., about 1880), Plate 10
File: Internet Archive scan
Public domain (published before 1931) · Author/source field: Mary P. Merrifield
Mary P. Merrifield, Handbook of Light and Shade, with Especial Reference to Model Drawing, 12th ed. (London: George Rowney & Co., about 1880), Plate 3
File: Internet Archive scan
Public domain (published before 1931) · Author/source field: Mary P. Merrifield
Vilhelm Hammershøi, Dust Motes Dancing in the Sunbeams (1900)
File: Ordrupgaard, Copenhagen
Public domain · Author/source field: Vilhelm Hammershøi
Mary P. Merrifield, Handbook of Light and Shade, with Especial Reference to Model Drawing, 12th ed. (London: George Rowney & Co., about 1880), Plates 5 and 7
File: Internet Archive scan
Public domain (published before 1931) · Author/source field: Mary P. Merrifield
Anson K. Cross, Light and Shade, with Chapters on Charcoal, Pencil, and Brush Drawing (Boston: Ginn, 1897), Figs. 9 and 12
File: Internet Archive scan
Public domain (published before 1931) · Author/source field: Anson K. Cross
Anson K. Cross, Light and Shade, with Chapters on Charcoal, Pencil, and Brush Drawing (Boston: Ginn, 1897), Figs. 8, 10 and 11
File: Internet Archive scan
Public domain (published before 1931) · Author/source field: Anson K. Cross
Joaquín Sorolla, Sewing the Sail (1896)
File: Ca' Pesaro, International Gallery of Modern Art, Venice
Public domain · Author/source field: Joaquín Sorolla y Bastida
Anson K. Cross, Light and Shade, with Chapters on Charcoal, Pencil, and Brush Drawing (Boston: Ginn, 1897), Fig. 11
File: Internet Archive scan
Public domain (published before 1931) · Author/source field: Anson K. Cross
Georges de La Tour, The Magdalen with the Smoking Flame (about 1635–37), detail
File: Los Angeles County Museum of Art, M.77.73
Public domain (LACMA) · Author/source field: Georges de La Tour
John Singer Sargent, Carnation, Lily, Lily, Rose (1885–6), detail
File: Tate, London, N01615
Public domain · Author/source field: John Singer Sargent
John Singer Sargent, Carnation, Lily, Lily, Rose (1885–6)
File: Tate, London, N01615
Public domain · Author/source field: John Singer Sargent
Anson K. Cross, Light and Shade, with Chapters on Charcoal, Pencil, and Brush Drawing (Boston: Ginn, 1897), Fig. 13
File: Internet Archive scan
Public domain (published before 1931) · Author/source field: Anson K. Cross
Diego Velázquez, Juan de Pareja (1650)
File: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, 1971.86
Public Domain (Met Open Access) · Author/source field: Velázquez (Diego Rodríguez de Silva y Velázquez)
Leonardo da Vinci, The Virgin of the Rocks (about 1491/2–9 and 1506–8), detail
File: The National Gallery, London, NG1093
Public domain · Author/source field: Leonardo da Vinci
Rembrandt, Aristotle with a Bust of Homer (1653)
File: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, 61.198
Public Domain (Met Open Access) · Author/source field: Rembrandt (Rembrandt van Rijn)
Rembrandt, Aristotle with a Bust of Homer (1653), detail
File: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, 61.198
Public Domain (Met Open Access) · Author/source field: Rembrandt (Rembrandt van Rijn)
Artemisia Gentileschi, Judith and Her Maidservant with the Head of Holofernes (about 1623–25), detail
File: Detroit Institute of Arts, 52.253
Public domain · Author/source field: Artemisia Gentileschi
Anson K. Cross, Light and Shade, with Chapters on Charcoal, Pencil, and Brush Drawing (Boston: Ginn, 1897), Fig. 22 (photograph) and Fig. 23 (sepia sketch, probably by Will S. Robinson)
File: Internet Archive scan
Public domain (published before 1931) · Author/source field: Anson K. Cross (publisher); sketch probably Will S. Robinson
Pierre-Paul Prud'hon, Study of Drapery (about 1813), detail
File: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, 2008.44
Public Domain (Met Open Access) · Author/source field: Pierre Paul Prud'hon
Pierre-Paul Prud'hon, Study of Drapery (about 1813)
File: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, 2008.44
Public Domain (Met Open Access) · Author/source field: Pierre Paul Prud'hon
Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres, Odalisque in Grisaille (about 1824–34), detail
File: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, 38.65
Public Domain (Met Open Access) · Author/source field: Jean Auguste Dominique Ingres (Met API: "and Workshop")
Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres, Odalisque in Grisaille (about 1824–34)
File: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, 38.65
Public Domain (Met Open Access) · Author/source field: Jean Auguste Dominique Ingres (Met API: "and Workshop")
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