Sources
Sources and further reading
The text of this course was compiled for general readers from the sources below. The ideas and facts come from them; the wording is new, and any quotations are credited where they appear.
Lectures
Campbell, Caroline. “Curator's Introduction to Leonardo: Experience a Masterpiece.” Lecture, The National Gallery, London. YouTube video, 43:13. December 9, 2019. Link
Lawton, Pamela. “How to Experiment with Light and Shadow.” Drop-in Drawing, The Metropolitan Museum of Art. YouTube video, 23:34. May 9, 2021. Link
Riding, Christine. “Is Wright of Derby Britain's Caravaggio?” The National Gallery, London. YouTube video, 11:17. December 4, 2025. Link
Treves, Letizia. “Caravaggio: His Life and Style in Three Paintings.” Lunchtime talk, The National Gallery, London. YouTube video, 30:51. March 3, 2016. Link
Curricula
Brigham Young University–Idaho. “ART 110 Drawing: Light and Shadow.” Course materials, unit on light and shadow. Link
Museum of Fine Arts, Houston. “The Power of Light and Dark.” Learning Through Art lesson plan. Link
Norton Simon Museum. “Light and Value: Direct Lighting” and “Value Analysis: The Renaissance and Baroque.” Gallery course taught by Richard Houston, fall 2017. Link
Salt Lake Community College. “ART 2110 Foundation II.” Course syllabus, fall 2025. Link
Walla Walla University. “ART 181 Analysis of Form.” Undergraduate bulletin. Link
Books (public domain)
Cross, Anson K. Light and Shade, with Chapters on Charcoal, Pencil, and Brush Drawing. Boston: Ginn, 1897. Scan, Cornell University Library, Internet Archive. Link
Merrifield, Mary P. Handbook of Light and Shade, with Especial Reference to Model Drawing. 12th ed. London: George Rowney & Co., about 1880. Internet Archive. Link
Museum records
Detroit Institute of Arts. Judith and Her Maidservant with the Head of Holofernes, Artemisia Gentileschi, 52.253. Link
Los Angeles County Museum of Art. The Magdalen with the Smoking Flame, Georges de La Tour, M.77.73. Link
Ministère de la Culture, Joconde database. Philosophe en méditation, Rembrandt, Musée du Louvre, INV 1740. Link
The Metropolitan Museum of Art. Aristotle with a Bust of Homer, Rembrandt, 61.198. Link
The Metropolitan Museum of Art. Juan de Pareja, Velázquez, 1971.86. Link
The Metropolitan Museum of Art. Odalisque in Grisaille, Ingres, 38.65. Link
The Metropolitan Museum of Art. Still Life with Oysters, a Silver Tazza, and Glassware, Willem Claesz Heda, 2005.331.4. Link
The Metropolitan Museum of Art. Study of Drapery, Pierre-Paul Prud'hon, 2008.44. Link
The National Gallery, London. An Experiment on a Bird in the Air Pump, Joseph Wright of Derby, NG725. Link
The National Gallery, London. Summer's Day, Berthe Morisot, NG3264. Link
The National Gallery, London. The Virgin of the Rocks, Leonardo da Vinci, NG1093. Link
Norton Simon Museum. Still Life with Lemons, Oranges and a Rose, Francisco de Zurbarán, F.1972.06.P. Link
Ordrupgaard. “Vilhelm Hammershøi.” Link
AMACI (Associazione dei Musei d'Arte Contemporanea Italiani). Sewing the Sail, Joaquín Sorolla, Ca' Pesaro, Venice. Link
Art UK. Carnation, Lily, Lily, Rose, John Singer Sargent, Tate N01615. Link
References
Harris, Beth, and Steven Zucker. “Caravaggio, Calling of Saint Matthew.” Smarthistory. Link
Hellen, Rebecca, and Elaine Kilmurray. “Carnation, Lily, Lily, Rose and the Process of Painting.” British Art Studies, no. 2 (2016). Link
Tate. “Audio Description: Carnation, Lily, Lily, Rose.” Link
The Metropolitan Museum of Art. “The Body Hidden, the Body Revealed: Neoclassical Drapery Studies.” Perspectives. Link
Meadows Museum. “Juan Sánchez Cotán.” Exhibition page. Link